Recent revelations about Salt Typhoon and Silk Typhoon have exposed severe weaknesses in how organisations secure their networks.

These state-affiliated hacking groups have demonstrated that modern cyber threats come from well-resourced and coordinated actors instead of isolated individuals.

Salt Typhoon, responsible for one of the largest cyber intrusions into US infrastructure, exploited cloud network vulnerabilities targeting telecom giants like AT&T and Verizon, forcing companies to reassess their reliance on traditional private circuits.

Many firms continue to believe private circuits offer better protection simply because they are off the public internet. Some even add MACsec encryption for extra defence. However, MACsec's 'hop-by-hop' design introduces new risks-data is repeatedly decrypted and re-encrypted at each routing point.

Every one of these hops becomes a possible target for attackers, who can intercept, manipulate, or exfiltrate data without detection, especially when third-party infrastructure is involved.

Beyond its security limitations, MACsec presents high operational complexity and cost, making it unsuitable for today's cloud-first environments. In contrast, solutions like Internet Protocol Security (IPSec) offer simpler, end-to-end encryption.

Although not perfect in cloud settings, IPSec can be enhanced through parallel connections or expert guidance. The Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) urges organisations to prioritise complete encryption of all data in transit, regardless of the underlying network.

Silk Typhoon has further amplified concerns by exploiting privileged credentials and cloud APIs to infiltrate both on-premise and cloud systems. These actors use covert networks to maintain long-term access while remaining hidden.

As threats evolve, companies must adopt Zero Trust principles, strengthen identity controls, and closely monitor their cloud environments instead of relying on outdated security models.

Collaborating with cloud security experts can help shut down exposure risks and protect sensitive data from sophisticated and persistent threats.

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