In Africa, blockchain is being adopted from the ground up to solve urgent challenges. Young students and freelancers in Kenya and Nigeria use digital currencies to get paid and store value amid weak banking and low trust in institutions.

Beyond finance, blockchain is helping to address energy and internet issues. In Zambia, surplus energy is used to mine Bitcoin, creating revenue and reducing waste.

Decentralised Wi-Fi networks are also emerging, allowing communities to share internet access and earn money without middlemen.

Governments remain cautious, focusing on regulation, but grassroots adoption continues to grow. The need is clear, and many believe the technology is already making a real difference.

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